Shōjo magazines have played a key role in the development and dissemination of girl culture throughout Japan. First published in the early 20th century, these publications provided a unique platform for young schoolgirls (shōjo) to develop a shared cultural identity. These magazines were also filled with gorgeous illustrations by prominent artists like Yumeji Takehisa, Kashō Takabatake, Katsuo Matsumoto, and Junichi Nakahara. Their distinctive styles helped to shape modern shōjo and, by extension, the kawaii aesthetics.